As a boy in turn-of-the-century Russia, Alexi dreamed of steam locomotives. His father, a prosperous lumberman in Kazan provence, recognized his son's emerging engineering talent and made arrangements to send him, first to a Special high school and later to the technical academy in Karlsruhe, Germany.

Young Poniatoff had planned to use his education to build a turbine engine factory back home, but he was trapped by the outbreak of World War I. He managed to return to Russia where he enlisted in the army for pilot training. But he was soon trapped again, this time by civil war. He escaped to China where he worked for the Shanghai power Company until he could immigrate to the United States in 1927.

He was in demand as an experienced electrical engineer, moving from GE to PG&E to Dalmo-Victor during World War II. There, he developed a line of motors and generators for airborne radar. At the end of the war, Poniatoff founded his own Company using his initials, plus "ex" for "excellence" — AMPEX. (Some roumors said, "ex" was for expensive or early exchage, but that were roumors only.)

Needing new (after world war II) products to keep the Company going, he invested in magnetic recording by accident, meeting Bing Crosby and Jack Mullin, hiring Harold Lindsay to design heads for the new tape recording machine (as a clone of the German AEG magnetophone K4). As Company expertise increased in 1949, he brought aboard Charles Ginsburg, Ray Dolby, Charles Anderson, Fred Pfost, Alex Maxey and Shelby Henderson, who worked on the next goal, the television magnetic tape recorder/ reproducer.

The 1956 introduction of video tape recording established Ampex as the inno-vator of this explosive new industry Alex Poniatoff's quest for excellence became the Company's philosophy as it became world leader in audio and video recording, magnetic tape, digital and analog data handling and sophisticated memory products.

He served as president until 1955, when he was elected chairman of the board. In 1970, he was named chairman emeritus and continued to work with several foundations undertaking research in health and preventive medicine. Alexander M. Poniatoff died on October 24, 1980 at Stanford Medical Center in Palo Alto. He was 88.

Ginsburg's (some people called him Charlie Ginsberg) philosophical reminder "Timing is Everything," was more than a bon mot. He was diagnosed with juvenile diabetes at the age of six, the year lifegiving insulin became available for sufferers of this usually fatal malady. Not only did he survive the early hit-and-miss attempts at dos-age adjustment, but went on to aid both medical and public understanding of this disease with his personal involvement in the Juvenile Diabetes Foundation.

A Bay Area kid, he developed a keen love of golf and generally tried to position himself where the greens were good and the traps were kind. He obtained his masters degree in mathematics at San Jose State, then took a Job as transmitter engineer at KTTW, which later become KCBS, in Marin county.

In 1951, in the light of growing attention given to Ampex Corporation following the introduction of tape recording in radio broadcasting, young Ginsburg was determined to join this dynamic company even though he had no management or television experience, Charlie impressed the staff and was soon tapped to organize the project investigating the rotating head approach to magnetic video recording.

It was to take four years of hard work by a team of individuals who brought their own unique skills to the endless problems the project demanded - Ray Dolby, Charlie Anderson, Alex Maxey, Fred Pfost and Shelby Henderson. The historic first broadcast via tape of the November 30, 1956 airing of "Douglas Edwards and the News" on CBS, launched the multibillion dollar video industry.

Charlie Ginsburg met the challenge of leadership when it was needed, and he continued to be a major force in the refinement of video Standards at Ampex for the next 35 years. He retired as Vice President of Advanced Technology Planningand moved to Oregon where he died in April, 1992.